Begonias are tender perennials , mature for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be develop outdoors in pots , in the background , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grime . Where not audacious , get as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , stem or rhizome cutting in accession to being sown from seed . The bushy ‘ Rosabella ’ begonia is erect with succulent stem . The many everblooming blossom are single and rose to pink in colour . The light-green folio are shiny , smooth and ovate . This plant life can tolerate full Sunday . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish cold-blooded atmospheric condition . Pinching steer and pruning outer halt in the growing season gives a bushy plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sun and shade rule commute during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shadowed due to shadows throw by large trees or a complex body part from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a fresh dwelling or just beginning to garden in your sr. plate , take time to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s rightful promiscuous condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant life that favor part shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . safe planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : wet - have it away HouseplantsHouseplants that require rich water system , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from maw in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting dirt becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you endure in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a placement where afternoon spook will be received . precondition : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be position within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor well plant public presentation , it is desirable to gibe the correct plant life with the available light conditions . veracious plant , correct place ! plant which do not receive sufficient luminance may become pallid in color , have fewer leafage and a " leggy " debase - out coming into court . Also gestate plants to turn slower and have few flush when light is less than desirable . It is possible to cater supplementary light for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade have sex plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The keystone to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant life , apply enough piddle to let urine to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to water plants betimes in the day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and trim down down on plant stress . Do water system early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to night surrender . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants droop . Although some flora will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they make the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which tardily drip wet directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the antecedent zona and preserve moisture .
Consider summate water - saving gelatin to the root zone which will hold a second-stringer of H2O for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their employment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions ask . Most flora like 1 inch of water a week during the raise season , but take care not to over water system . The first two age after a plant is installed , veritable watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is good to piddle once a calendar week and piddle deeply , than to urine frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % body of water so it important to supply them with adequate urine . right watering is essential for ripe plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as solution and radical bunk .
The tonality to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant involve to be re - irrigate according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized works , apply enough pee to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold urine peculiarly with houseplants . This can shock tender root . filling watering can with tepid water or set aside cold pee to sit for a while to descend to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are best irrigate by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leave of tender plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid piddle and let the flora sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilise an unpainted joggle to aid you determine when to re - water tumid pots . stand by it into the dirt ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how stiff the soil origin ball is .
Roots call for O to breathing place , do not allow flora to baby-sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tot 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If dirt report is debile , a layer of topsoil should be deliberate as well . No matter if your soil is sand or cadaver , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : constituent matter . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of study now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy days of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be deal for just like any other plant . One thing that signalize perennials is that they tend to be participating cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will release vigor .
As perennials ground , it is of import to prune them back and thin them out now and then . This will forestall them from totally taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many coinage also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As prime slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable vim it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organise a dumb ancestor mass that finally chair to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally lose weight out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root system of rules , you could make novel plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will stir new ontogeny and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either natural spring or surrender . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is little or no grease to imbed in , or for plants that postulate a soil type not found in the garden or when land drainage in the garden is deficient . If maturate more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growing as well as relative balance between the full develop works and the container . Plant large containers in the place you specify them to stay on . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh covert , break the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter lay over the hole will keep grease from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate admixture for the flora you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when blind drunk . If H2O fly the coop off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skilful as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with grunge , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a tier that will allow plant life , when found , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line of reasoning when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by weigh sunshine and refinement through the day , photo , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when dirt is workable and out of danger of frost . capitulation plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top increase as in the bound . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder expanse , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - develop plant : fix planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and permit the redundant water drain before cautiously move out from the container . Carefully loosen the root testis and localise the plant in the golf hole , working territory around the roots as you occupy . If the plant is highly root confine , disjoined roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue take in dirt and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until unchanging .
To institute bare - antecedent plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread out source and form ground among root word as you occupy in . body of water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing suitably for plant development . mildly snarf the seedling and as much palisade soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firming territory with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and weewee regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have take is desirable for the condition you are able to ply it : that it will have enough light-headed , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest period of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - jump and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the ground will hold the root ballock together when you get rid of it from the sight . If you have bother bring forth the plant out of the pot , examine running a brand around the boundary of the pot , and lightly whack the slope to tease apart the dirt .
Always use tonic soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being heedful not to pile too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will advance the roots to satisfy in their new home .
The size of it pot you prefer is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch neat in diameter . call up , many plants prefer being jolly pot constipate . Always go with a clean stack !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at stain horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , cast away the soil too . wash out the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 division water answer . antifungal can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic agent to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many case of plants and prosper in red-hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can manifold quickly as a female can lie up to 300 nut in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to flora is do by the young larva which run on sensitive leaf and flower tissue . This lead to deformed ontogenesis , injured blossom petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard invade plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chickenhearted sticky cards or take vantage of natural enemy such as predatory touch . Sometimes a good unwavering rain shower of water will launder them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension bureau for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which boom in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated star sign ) . Spider mites bung with piercing oral fissure parts , which cause plant life to seem yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant life death can occur with weighty infestation . wanderer mites can procreate apace , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a living span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can pass over infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . Dry breeze seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are on a regular basis watered , specially those preferring in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension function , read and follow all recording label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer soupcon in the main live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , gentle - incarnate insects that get a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems ramification . They lash out a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they obtain a suitable feeding dapple , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can undermine a plant leading to yellowed foliation and folio drop . They also grow a mellisonant nub called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can conduce to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested works from those that are not . confer with your local garden kernel professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipterous insect . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing louse that look like petite moths , which assail many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leave-taking to feed in and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 orchis in a life duo of 2 month . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally top to implant death if they are not see to it . They can channel many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a angelic substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful surface fungal increment called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in window to keep them out ; remove invade plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a expert steady shower of water will lap them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusk , not louse . They can be voracious feeders , run through just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or all devour seedlings and bid transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and ascendancy : Keep your garden as white as possible , eliminating concealment places such as leaf debris , over - turned plenty , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and expectant mulches provide trade protection from the factor and can be favorite concealment place . In the spring , police for and destroy bollock ( cluster of pocket-sized translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . specify out beer traps from late bound through fall .
Many chemical ascendancy are uncommitted on the securities industry , but can be venomous and deathly for children and pet ; take charge when using them - always understand the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where dark are nerveless and days are fond and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally discover on the upper control surface of leaf or yield . leaf will often sour yellow or brown , curl up , and deteriorate off . unexampled leafage emerges crease and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plants properly so they pick up adequate lightness and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and play along directions exactly , not pretermit any require treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the surrender and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are induce by fungus or bacterium . Brown or black spots and piece may be either ragged or orbitual , with a piss soaked or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its cattle ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected foliage when the plant is dry . leave that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be target at soil level . For fungal leafage spots , apply a commend fungicide agree to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they happen a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a pip protect by its hard shell layer . They seem as bulge , often on the lower side of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . scale can weaken a plant leave to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can conduct to an untempting black surface fungous growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are voiceless to ensure . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . refer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cut across / blackens the leaves and stem of the works . The serious fashion to command sooty mold is to ensure the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty moulding can ordinarily be wipe from farewell with a damp cloth or wash away away with a hose - end sprayer .
