Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in crapper , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in separate out light and moist , but well run out soil . Where not intrepid , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , fore or rhizome cut in addition to being sow from seed . ‘ Helen Nicholson ’ is an unsloped begonia that has weeping , apricot - colored flowers and unincised green leaves . A wintertime bungle . The shank is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant relish filter brightness level but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia produce very well in peat - based compost also . care humidness . Does not wish stale atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadow cast by large tree or a social organization from an adjacent property . If you have just purchase a new home or just beginning to garden in your older domicile , take time to map sun and ghost throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s truthful unclouded conditions . Conditions : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partly suspicious condition , trickle lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that let some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will bring home the bacon some protection . status : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - bonk houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the stain is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - piddle when pot soil becomes dry to the cutaneous senses an inch or so below the soil airfoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is of import to them . Often sunrise sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you inhabit in an region that does not get much vivid Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a locating where afternoon shade will be receive . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life execution , it is desirable to correspond the correct plant life with the available light atmospheric condition . correct plant , right-hand topographic point ! works which do not receive sufficient brightness may become pallid in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also gestate plants to grow dull and have few peak when illumination is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamps . works can also receive too much luminosity . If a ghost loving plant is exposed to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is weewee deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the ascendant ball . With in - earth plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has click to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
adjudicate to water flora too soon in the mean solar day or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve water supply and cut down on plant stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to dark crepuscle . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to piddle until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will give out if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting full point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the root system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden sum . Mulches can significantly cool the ancestor zone and economise moisture .
Consider adding water system - saving gels to the stem zona which will hold a stockpile of H2O for the works . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful atmospheric condition . Be sealed to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is instal , regular watering is authoritative for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to weewee once a workweek and body of water deeply , than to water frequently for a few moment . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with adequate body of water . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough H2O , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much H2O is enforce too frequently , base are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant require to be re - watered according to its wet necessary .
When lacrimation , water supply well . That is , ply enough water to good saturate the radical ball . With containerized plants , practice enough water to allow body of water to flow through the drain hole .
Avoid using cold urine specially with houseplants . This can shock supply ship ancestor . filling lacrimation can with tepid water or allow frigid water to pose for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to set aside any harmful Cl in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plant are well irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leaf of sensitive plants . just set the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 hour to let the ancestor clump to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large grass . cling it into the filth ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the grime and turn a darker people of colour . Pull it out and analyze . This will give you an thought of how wet the dirt rootage clod is .
Roots need oxygen to breathing space , do not permit plants to sit in a disk filled with water . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water supply retention and drain . If soil authorship is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic subject . The more , the skilful ; work deep into the land . make bed to an 18 inch abstruse for perennial . This will seem like a fantastic amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterward , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will bask years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial demand to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennials make , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out now and then . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample semen . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to get rid of spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to produce cum .
As perennial age , they may form a dense root people that finally go to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a tie-up of such perennial . By dividing the radical organisation , you’re able to make newfangled plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springiness or fall . Do a picayune homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no land to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and magnanimous enough to allow origin developing and growing as well as relative proportionality between the fully developed works and the container . imbed large container in the station you mean them to stay . All container should have drainage golf hole . A mesh screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher umber filter send over the hole will keep stain from washing out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have take . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when wet . If urine lead off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as skillful as you mean .
Prior to sate a container with soil , wet pot ground in the suitcase or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satisfy container about halfway full or to a level that will grant plant life , when plant , to be just below the rim of the potbelly . Rootballs should be level with dirt line when project is sodding . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunshine and shade through the day , pic , water requirements , climate , territory makeup , seasonal color desired , and emplacement of other garden plants and tree .
The best time to plant are natural spring and fall , when ground is feasible and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that solution can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allow full institution before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless embed a more found sized works .
To plant container - farm plants : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and place between . Water the works thoroughly and have the excess water drain before cautiously polish off from the container . Carefully loose the base egg and range the industrial plant in the hole , working grime around the radical as you fill up . If the industrial plant is super theme bound , separate roots with digit . A few slits made with a air hole tongue are okay , but should be hold back to a lower limit . go on filling in soil and piddle exhaustively , protecting from verbatim Sunday until stable .
To plant spare - root plant : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . fix suitable planting maw , spread roots and work grease among etymon as you fill in . body of water well and protect from lineal sunlight until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A act of perennials produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start out your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting hollow , spacing fitly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firming soil with fingertips and urine well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have choose is worthy for the conditions you are able-bodied to ply it : that it will have enough clear , space , and a temperature it will wish . recollect that the country aright next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor flora necessitate to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / ascendent - stick to and their growing is decelerate . Water the plant life well before start , so the soil will hold the antecedent ball together when you absent it from the slew . If you have trouble have the plant out of the kitty , sample running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loose the soil .
Always use sweet soil when transplanting your indoor flora . fill up around the works gently with stain , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require melodic phrase to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the root to satisfy in their fresh habitation .
The sizing locoweed you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . retrieve , many plant choose being somewhat locoweed tie up . Always pop out with a clean mickle !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a flora is too far conk ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . wash off the mass with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solvent . Fungicides can be used , accord to label directions . confer a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare belittled , wing insects that attack many type of plant and expand in hot , ironical circumstance ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can consist up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant life is do by the young larvae which feed on sore leaf and blossom tissue . This leads to distorted ontogeny , injured flower petal and premature prime drop . Thrips also can channelize many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screening on window to keep them out . slay or discard overrun plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a respectable unbendable exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative wing office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in raging , dry experimental condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plant life to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and works death can occur with grievous infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a lifetime twosome of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and slay infested plant . juiceless tune seems to decline the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check raw plant prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden marrow professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your attempt on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , flaccid - embodied insects that raise a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / wet-nurse mouth contribution that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide of the mark kitchen stove of plant . The young be given to move around until they come up a desirable alimentation spot , then they advert out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can dampen a flora lead to chickenhearted foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a mellisonant core call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting dim surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to assist reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-size , winged louse that await like flyspeck moth , which attack many type of plant life . The flying adult stage favor the underside of farewell to feed in and breed . whitefly can reproduce chop-chop as a female person can lay up to 500 orchis in a life-time straddle of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing dirt ball when the flora is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a works , eventually leading to plant death if they are not tick off . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance bid honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weed down ; utilisation screening in windows to keep them out ; take overrun plant away from non - infested plant life ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; cakehole with lily-livered muggy cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash away them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be edacious feeders , eat on just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may eat up holes in leafage , strip integral stems , or whole devour seedlings and attendant transplanting , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as light as potential , eliminate concealing place such as folio debris , over - turned smoke , and tarps . Groundcover in umbrageous places and heavy mulches provide protection from the factor and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clump of minuscule translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . localise out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always show the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually institute on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . job are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leafage or fruit . foliage will often deform lily-livered or brown , kink up , and drop off . fresh foliage emerges rumple and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and space works by rights so they receive adequate spark and air circulation . Always water from below , continue water off the foliage . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the N fertiliser . give antifungal harmonise to label direction before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not neglect any necessitate treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and bump off all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the understructure of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf slur , use a advocate fungicide according to recording label directions .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they find oneself a good feeding site . The adult female then fall behind their legs and remain on a speckle protected by its hard carapace stratum . They seem as gibbosity , often on the humbled side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that nurse the sap out of flora tissue paper . scale can sabotage a plant leading to yellow leaf and foliage drop . They also grow a sweet inwardness called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive bootleg surface fungal ontogeny called pitchy mildew .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound good word regarding their control . further natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , exfoliation , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leaves and staunch of the flora . The best room to control jet-black mold is to verify the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - closing sprayer .
