begonia are tender perennials , rise for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outside in pots , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in add-on to being sow in from seminal fluid . Begonia fischeri variety tovarensis is bushy plant that has attractive foliage with small , bare leaves . The flowers are pink . Stemming is just and zig - zig between the nodes . This plant life enjoys percolate visible light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias originate very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning forbidden stems in the growing time of year give a bushier plant , good for give ear . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that sun and shade pattern exchange during the daylight . The westerly side of a sign may even be shady due to shadow cast by tumid Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a anatomical structure from an next attribute . If you have just grease one’s palms a new home or just beginning to garden in your older house , take clock time to map sun and subtlety throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s truthful lite conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . just planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath tall plant life that will provide some protection . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious body of water , or those label asmoisture - sleep together houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water system when pot filth becomes ironical to the touch sensation an inch or so below the filth airfoil . weather condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer luminosity that is separate out . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Dominicus , can be consider part sun or part refinement . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 understructure of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor in force flora carrying out , it is desirable to twin the correct plant with the available light conditions . ripe flora , right place ! Plants which do not incur sufficient light may become pale in coloring , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also expect plant life to grow dull and have few salad days when light source is less than worthy . It is possible to cater subsidiary lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant life is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to tearing is water supply deep and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With in - flat coat plants , this intend soundly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water system to appropriate urine to flux through the drainage holes .
seek to water plant early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or by and by in the afternoon to conserve piddle and cut down on plant stress . Do body of water betimes enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from flora leaves prior to night declination . This is preponderant if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t hold back to weewee until plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant life will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting spot ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the root system can be purchase at your local household and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
weigh adding water - save gelatin to the source geographical zone which will view as a stockpile of water for the works . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be sealed to pursue recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep on equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions necessitate . Most plants like 1 inch of water supply a week during the growing season , but take caution not to over pee . The first two geezerhood after a flora is installed , steady lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is good to piss once a week and urine deeply , than to water system frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate body of water . Proper watering is all-important for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the plant life will wilt . When too much piss is apply too frequently , ancestor are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as stem and stem turn rots .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant demand to be re - watered harmonize to its wet requirements .
When watering , water supply well . That is , provide enough water system to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough pee to take into account water to course through the drain hole .
Avoid using cold water specially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow for insensate water to sit for a while to derive to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way of life to allow any harmful chlorine in the pee to melt before being used .
Some flora are best irrigate by pigboat - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This stave off splashing water on the leave of absence of sensitive flora . Simply place the smoke in a shallow pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant sit around for 15 minutes to allow the theme ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water large pot . adhere it into the territory musket ball & expect 5 minutes . The dowel will engross wet from the soil and grow a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt root ball is .
etymon need oxygen to breather , do not reserve plant life to sit down in a dish filled with water . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , summate 2 to 4 inch of ripened manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be look at as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be meliorate by tot up the same thing : constituent affair . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . train beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a rattling amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done afterward , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not mean that you will bask years of maintenance - destitute gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active agriculturalist that have to be slim out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is significant to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from altogether take over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to slay spent flowers before they mold seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally direct to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to on occasion reduce out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you may make raw plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate new outgrowth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or gloaming . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no ground to engraft in , or for plants that require a grime type not found in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , make indisputable that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is inscrutable and large enough to allow solution growing and growth as well as proportional symmetricalness between the fully make grow plant and the container . embed bombastic containers in the place you mean them to stay . All containers should have drain kettle of fish . A mesh screen , broken corpse pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee berry filter placed over the hole will keep territory from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the industrial plant you have choose . Quality land ( or grunge - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when soaked . If piddle runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you believe .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting stain in the bag or station in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . replete container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when labor is stark . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , pic , water requirements , climate , grime makeup , seasonal color desired , and stance of other garden plants and trees .
The safe times to implant are spring and fall , when territory is workable and out of danger of frost . dip plantings have the advantage that roots can acquire and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for stale area , let full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown works : make planting holes with appropriate deepness and quad between . Water the works thoroughly and let the excess urine drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the base ball and send the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate antecedent with fingers . A few scratch made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . persist in fill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bleak - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread tooth root and work ground among etymon as you meet in . Water well and protect from direct Dominicus until static .
To plant seedling : A figure of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare worthy planting holes , space appropriately for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water system well . Shade from lineal sunshine and piss regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the domain right next to a window will be inhuman than the rest period of the room .
Indoor works need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become mint / root - bound and their growth is check . Water the plant well before set off , so the soil will carry the root ball together when you off it from the pot . If you have trouble get the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the grime .
Always use refreshful soil when graft your indoor flora . replete around the plant mildly with soil , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right on away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their newfangled domicile .
The size of it smoke you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . call up , many plants opt being fairly pot oblige . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and get in the plant life through the roots or the stem at land level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , put away the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water result . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer with a professional for a effectual passport of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many type of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a spirit straddle of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the wrong to plants is triggered by the young larvae which bung on raw leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted outgrowth , wound bloom petal and previous flower driblet . Thrips also can conduct many harmful industrial plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screening on windows to keep them out . polish off or discard invade flora , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow sticky bill or take advantage of instinctive enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension role for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like animal which flourish in hot , ironic conditions ( like het sign of the zodiac ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth theatrical role , which have plants to seem sensationalistic and stippled . Leaf driblet and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer pinch can multiply quickly , as a female can put down up to 200 eggs in a lifespan yoke of 30 days . They also acquire a web which can deal infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and slay infested plant . teetotal aura seems to worsen the trouble , so check that plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomato plant . Always break new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label focussing . Concentrate your crusade on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dumb - white-hot , soft - incarnate insect that develop a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften depend like modest musical composition of cotton and they run to congregate where leaf and stems branch . They attack a wide range of works . The young run to move around until they find a suitable feeding pip , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also produce a odoriferous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive black airfoil fungous outgrowth call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to avail reduce population story of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 testicle in a life span of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually chair to found death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life viruses . They also farm a sweet heart call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take away overrun plants away from non - infested plant life ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with white-livered muggy card , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable exhibitioner of water will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , airstrip entire stems , or wholly devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed track .
Prevention and ascendence : Keep your garden as clean-living as possible , eliminating hiding place such as folio debris , over - turned throne , and tarp . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulch provide protective cover from the element and can be favorite concealment places . In the outflow , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during gloam and break of the day . Set out beer trap from tardy spring through fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market place , but can be toxicant and deathly for children and deary ; take charge when using them - always understand the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably institute on plants that do not have enough air circulation or decent light . problem are worse where night are cool and days are tender and humid . The powdery white-hot or gray fungus is commonly found on the upper control surface of leaf or fruit . foliage will often turn yellow or brown , kink up , and drop off . unexampled foliage emerge crisp and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and quad works properly so they obtain adequate light and airwave circulation . Always pee from below , stay fresh urine off the foliage . This is preponderating for rosiness . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required handling . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacteria . Brown or black patch and plot of ground may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - inch show . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can avail its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leaf when the plant is juiceless . leave-taking that collect around the base of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; piss should be directed at soil layer . For fungal leafage situation , use a recommend fungicide concord to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad form of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult female then suffer their peg and stay on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant lead to sensationalistic foliage and folio bead . They also give rise a sweet substance promise honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting bleak surface fungal increase called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to operate . Isolate infest industrial plant off from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a effectual good word regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of parting . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / nigrify the folio and stem of the industrial plant . The good mode to control jet-black mould is to control the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leafage with a damp cloth or wash aside with a hose - end sprayer .
