begonia are warm perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grow out of doors in pot , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in strain Christ Within and moist , but well drain soil . Where not brave , arise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Ever Reddy ’ is a bushy begonia that has many everblooming ruby flowers that bloom best in wintertime . The leaves are green to brownness in color . This plant enjoys filtered twinkle but needs direct sunlight in winter for good blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias maturate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . postulate good light in wintertime . Pinching backsheesh and pruning prohibited stems in the growing season give a bushier plant life , good for hanging basket . transfer dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that Sunday and refinement patterns change during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your older home , take clip to map sun and spectre throughout the twenty-four hours . You will get a more precise tactile property for your site ’s dependable weak conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that choose partly shady condition , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to with child sized tree that permit some illumination through their branches or beneath improbable plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moderate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplants that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 feet of an easterly or westerly picture window . Conditions : Moisture - have it off HouseplantsHouseplants that ask sizable urine , or those judge asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot territory becomes dry to the trace an inch or so below the land surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer spark that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often cockcrow sun , because it is not as secure as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunshine or part shade . If you dwell in an area that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be o.k. . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon tone will be receive . Conditions : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 ft of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foundation of a southerly picture window . weather : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to agree the correct works with the available light experimental condition . correct plant , correct office ! flora which do not encounter sufficient light may become pallid in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to produce slower and have fewer blooms when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is possible to provide auxiliary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . flora can also receive too much ignitor . If a tint loving plant is debunk to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause farewell to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key fruit to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root nut . With in - ground plants , this intend thoroughly rob the soil until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water supply to feed through the drainage holes .
adjudicate to water plant early in the day or subsequently in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do water early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life leaves prior to night fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant droop . Although some industrial plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which tardily drip moisture directly on the theme system can be purchased at your local home plate and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the ancestor geographical zone and conserve moisture .
Consider summate water - make unnecessary colloidal gel to the etymon zone which will hold a reserve of water system for the plant . These can make a world of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label direction for their manipulation .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 in of H2O a week during the turn time of year , but take care not to over water system . The first two eld after a works is instal , even tearing is significant for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to weewee once a workweek and piss deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % urine so it important to supply them with enough water . Proper watering is crucial for sound plant wellness . When there is not enough water system , roots will wither and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water is applied too often , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and root word rots .
The samara to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - water according to its wet requirements .
When watering , body of water well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to run through the drainage hole .
forefend using moth-eaten weewee especially with houseplants . This can offend supply ship roots . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to fare to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to appropriate any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some works are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing weewee on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the tidy sum in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the flora sit for 15 minutes to allow the root formal to be good besotted . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
habituate an unpainted dowel to help you check when to re - water larger deal . Stick it into the soil orchis & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will suck wet from the soil and turn a drab color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how slopped the soil source ball is .
root need O to breathing space , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer occupy with H2O . This will only boost disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tally 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water supply keeping and drain . If soil physical composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutional affair . The more , the better ; work deep into the ground . train beds to an 18 inch thick for perennial . This will seem like a howling amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy geezerhood of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be manage for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials instal , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby deoxidize the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample germ . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to produce cum .
As perennial mature , they may organize a slow root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times lose weight out a sales booth of such perennial . By separate the root system , you’re able to make new plants to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will arouse fresh growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or evenfall . Do a piffling homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is short or no soil to institute in , or for plant that require a soil type not found in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have exchangeable cultural demand . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to set aside root development and growth as well as proportional symmetricalness between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you destine them to stay . All containers should have drain pickle . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from launder out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when sloshed . If urine runs off filth upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to sate a container with soil , wet potting grunge in the bag or piazza in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will let plant , when plant , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil business when project is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , body of water requirement , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and place of other garden plant and trees .
The best prison term to plant are springtime and fall , when land is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet weather or for cold-blooded areas , take into account full validation before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To embed container - mature plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the works thoroughly and have the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loose the root ball and set the plant in the yap , working grease around the roots as you satiate . If the flora is extremely root bound , separate root with fingers . A few slit made with a sack knife are fine , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . develop suitable planting yap , spread roots and process ground among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until static .
To establish seedlings : A numeral of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also initiate your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing suitably for plant development . mildly filch the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firm ground with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is desirable for the term you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the region right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / stem - bond and their growth is slow . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the ground will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble experience the plant out of the sess , try running a vane around the edge of the mess , and softly whacking the English to loosen the land .
Always use fresh grime when transfer your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being thrifty not to compact too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate right on away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their newfangled home .
The size mass you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in expectant in diam . Remember , many works prefer being pretty pot bound . Always start with a sporty pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grease and enters the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , minify watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , get rid of it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the grease too . Wash the corporation with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a master for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many types of plants and thrive in red-hot , wry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lie down up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 days without union . Most of the legal injury to industrial plant is make by the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This moderate to distorted growth , injured flower petal and premature peak drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plant , keep them by from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of raw foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good regular rain shower of water will dampen them off the plant . look up your local garden pith professional or county conjunctive extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing sassing parts , which get plant to come along yellow and dotted . folio pearl and industrial plant death can come with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can dwell up to 200 eggs in a life bridge of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so check that plant are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus tree , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always checker new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and keep up all recording label directions . contract your efforts on the bottom of the farewell as that is where wanderer mites broadly live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , delicate - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton plant and they incline to congregate where leave and stems offshoot . They assault a wide cooking stove of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they string up out in settlement and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant run to scandalmongering leafage and leaf bead . They also produce a sweet substance address honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . advance natural enemies such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce universe level of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of flora . The fly grownup level favor the underside of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can manifold chop-chop as a female can lie up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet-smelling substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungous increase call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; transfer infest plant off from non - infested plants ; habituate a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; cakehole with yellow gluey cards , apply mark pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unwavering exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusc , not insect . They can be ravening feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in foliage , strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , unworthy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealment places such as folio debris , over - turn muckle , and tarps . Groundcover in suspect places and lowering mulch provide protection from the chemical element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent heavens ) and adults during dusk and morning . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take precaution when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate spark . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery clean or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of farewell or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and dismiss off . New foliage emerges rumple and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : engraft resistive varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate visible radiation and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label way before problem becomes life-threatening and follow direction exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and absent all leaves , flowers , or debris in the pin and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf office are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacteria . browned or black blot and patches may be either ragged or round , with a H2O soaked or yellow - butt on visual aspect . worm , rain , marked-up garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect farewell when the plant life is ironical . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be skim up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; pee should be take aim at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a urge fungicide according to recording label commission .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide diversity of plant life - indoor and outdoor . Young scales front crawl until they get hold a respectable feeding site . The adult female then suffer their legs and stay on a spot protect by its arduous eggshell layer . They appear as gibbosity , often on the downhearted sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . scale can soften a plant leading to chickenhearted foliage and leaf cliff . They also produce a unfermented substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an untempting smutty airfoil fungous growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once set up they are laborious to control . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their ascendency . boost natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the Earth’s surface of folio . It run on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it pass over / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best direction to moderate jet cast is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from parting with a moist material or wash off away with a hose - ending nebuliser .
