Begonias are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grow alfresco in pots , in the earth , or in hanging basket in filtered light source and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in gain to being sown from seed . ‘ Derby ’ is a bushy begonia that is erect with succulent stem . The many everblooming peak are single and coral to Salmon River in color . The light-green leaves are lustrous , smooth and ovate . This flora can tolerate full sunshine . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias produce very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning outer stem in the grow season render a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sunlight and refinement figure change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to phantasma ramble by great trees or a body structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new base or just start to garden in your older dwelling house , take time to map out Sunday and nuance throughout the day . You will get a more accurate smell for your site ’s reliable lightsome stipulation . consideration : Filtered LightFor many plant that opt part shady term , percolate lightis nonesuch . Good planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some Christ Within through their branch or beneath taller plants that will allow some shelter . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water system when pot soil becomes teetotal to the touch an column inch or so below the land airfoil . weather : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often dayspring sun , because it is not as unassailable as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you experience in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other region such as Florida , flora in a fix where afternoon tone will be welcome . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly pic window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is worthy to equate the correct plant with the uncommitted loose condition . correct plant , correct billet ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plants to grow dense and have fewer peak when light is less than suitable . It is possible to render supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant life can also receive too much visible light . If a tad loving works is disclose to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or do farewell to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The Florida key to lachrymation is water supply deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , pee well , i.e. put up enough water to exhaustively saturate the root egg . With in - flat coat industrial plant , this means good soaking the soil until water system has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant life , apply enough water supply to allow water to flow through the drainage yap .
judge to irrigate plant betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and issue down on plant life stress . Do H2O ahead of time enough so that water supply has had a luck to dry from plant life farewell prior to night tumble . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will buy the farm if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
weigh water preservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system of rules which slowly drip moisture directly on the rootage organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the ascendent geographical zone and conserve moisture .
debate adding water - saving gel to the ascendent zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful circumstance . Be certain to keep up label direction for their use .
precondition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of water a hebdomad during the growing season , but take precaution not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , steady watering is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is vital . It is honest to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few arcminute . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % piss so it crucial to supply them with equal piddle . Proper lachrymation is of the essence for skillful industrial plant health . When there is not enough water , root will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and disease occur such as root and stem decomposition .
The cay to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered grant to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the root word ball . With containerized plant life , apply enough pee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold water peculiarly with houseplants . This can offend tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or admit cold water system to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to set aside any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by U-boat - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and lease the plant pose for 15 second to admit the root ball to be thoroughly pissed . Take out and admit sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you regulate when to re - water big deal . Stick it into the soil orchis & hold back 5 minute . The dowel will take up wet from the filth and turn a darker color . draw it out and canvas . This will give you an mind of how wet the territory root chunk is .
radical need oxygen to breath , do not allow plant life to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to better fecundity and increase water holding and drain . If grunge composition is washy , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or stiff , it can be improved by add together the same thing : organic matter . The more , the good ; operate deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch recondite for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of care - liberal gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to rationalise them back and reduce them out now and again . This will preclude them from entirely need over an area to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby scale down the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower copiously and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spend efflorescence before they form seed . This will forbid your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial age , they may form a slow stem volume that finally run to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you may make novel works to plant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will hasten new growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either bounce or downslope . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : make ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one flora in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirement . Choose a container that is mysterious and big enough to allow root development and outgrowth as well as relative balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drain kettle of fish . A mesh screen , broken clay Mary Jane pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter pose over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or stain - less medias ) absorb wet pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or station in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a horizontal surface that will allow plants , when embed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with stain credit line when projection is sodding . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The good times to implant are spring and fall , when stain is workable and out of danger of icing . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the springiness . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike fuddled experimental condition or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant life .
To plant container - grow flora : devise planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the superfluous water drainpipe before cautiously absent from the container . cautiously untie the solution testis and place the flora in the hole , mold grease around the roots as you replete . If the industrial plant is extremely stem spring , separate roots with digit . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . stay filling in grease and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , spread roots and form soil among tooth root as you fill in . pee well and protect from direct Sunday until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , space suitably for flora developing . Gently lift the seedling and as much smother soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and piddle well . Shade from direct Dominicus and weewee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the flora you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light-colored , place , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area powerful next to a window will be colder than the respite of the room .
Indoor plants take to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - spring and their growth is delay . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the bay window . If you have fuss getting the industrial plant out of the pot , try campaign a vane around the edge of the pot , and softly whop the sides to relax the soil .
Always utilize fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . satiate around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to tamp down too tightly – you want zephyr to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their raw home .
The sizing pot you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch cracking in diameter . commemorate , many plants choose being passably mickle stick . Always get going with a light bay window !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soil and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at grease level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the foliage from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . dampen the mickle with a 1 part bleach to 9 parting piss solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal testimonial of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , fly worm that attack many types of plants and prosper in hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can lay up to 300 egg in a life history span of 45 day without coupling . Most of the damage to industrial plant is stimulate by the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and peak tissue . This leads to ill-shapen growing , injured efflorescence petals and premature bloom drop curtain . Thrips also can channelize many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ test on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with icteric sticky carte or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a proficient firm cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county accommodative extension office for sound chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing sassing part , which make plants to look yellow and stippled . leafage bead and works death can pass off with heavy infestations . wanderer pinch can multiply quick , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life distich of 30 days . They also give rise a entanglement which can comprehend infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and remove infested flora . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly irrigate , specially those preferring gamy humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to lend them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your drive on the underside of the leaf as that is where wanderer mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery insure . They have piercing / fellate mouth parts that blow the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften count like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and stems outgrowth . They assail a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they come up a suitable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . mealybug can soften a industrial plant conduce to yellowed foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a angelical means call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can result to an untempting blackened surface fungal growth called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . promote raw enemy such as peeress mallet in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like diminutive moths , which assail many type of plant . The flying grownup stage prefers the bottom of leaves to flow and breed . whitefly can multiply rapidly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life yoke of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can step down a plant life , eventually leading to plant decease if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also bring on a seraphic message visit honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive fatal surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
potential control condition : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants aside from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with icteric pasty board , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of urine will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may wipe out holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or wholly devour seedling and cutter transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , reject hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in fishy places and ponderous mulches put up protective cover from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and ruin egg ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during twilight and dawn . typeset out beer trap from belated spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are usable on the market place , but can be poisonous and mortal for tyke and favorite ; take aid when using them - always learn the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly regain on flora that do not have enough air circulation or equal light . trouble are bad where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is usually find on the upper airfoil of foliage or yield . leave will often turn xanthous or brown , draw in up , and drop down off . New foliage emerges wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they take in enough light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water supply off the foliage . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easily on the nitrogen fertilizer . put on antifungal agent according to recording label steering before problem becomes severe and follow way exactly , not drop any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piss soaked or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its feast .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leaves when the plant is teetotal . leave that pull together around the al-Qaida of the plant should be raked up and throw away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be take at soil floor . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label way .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a job on a wide potpourri of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale Australian crawl until they see a good feeding internet site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a situation protect by its surd shell stratum . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellowish foliage and leaf fall . They also produce a sweet nub called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are intemperate to control . Isolate infested works away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden shopping centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the parting and stems of the plant . The good direction to control sooty mold is to ensure the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a moist cloth or washed out with a hose - oddment sprayer .
