Begonias are fond perennial , grown for their coloured bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be raise outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grease . Where not hardy , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from cum . The cultivar , ‘ Confederate Gray ’ , grows from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring large , smooth , scissure leaves . The many blossom are pink and bloom winter to spring . This flora relish filtered light but can take some Sunday in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias mature very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Hardy . Does not care cold atmospheric condition . filch bakshish and pruning out stems in the growing time of year gives a bushier works , good for hanging basketball hoop . Remove dead foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that sun and shadiness pattern transfer during the sidereal day . The westerly side of a star sign may even be funny due to fantasm vomit up by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just begin to garden in your old home , take time to map sunshine and nuance throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partially shady conditions , sink in lightis ideal . adept planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some spark through their branch or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . consideration : Moisture - get laid HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - body of water when pot soil becomes dry to the skin senses an in or so below the land surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunlight , can be considered part sun or part ghost . If you live in an orbit that does not get much acute Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , industrial plant in a positioning where afternoon shade will be received . status : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to match the right plant with the available light condition . Right plant , correct seat ! Plants which do not receive sufficient lightness may become pale in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also wait plants to grow slower and have fewer efflorescence when light is less than desirable . It is potential to allow supplemental kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also welcome too much lighting . If a shade lie with plant is bring out to verbatim sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaf to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is pee deep and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soak the grime until water system has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being estimable ) . With container grown plant , put on enough water to permit urine to flow through the drainage hole .
seek to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant parting prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some works will recuperate from this , all plants will drop dead if they droop too much ( when they strain the lasting wilting stop ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly dribble wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and husband moisture .
view adding body of water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a stockpile of water for the plant life . These can make a Earth of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to take after recording label direction for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition necessitate . Most plants like 1 column inch of H2O a week during the growing season , but take guardianship not to over pee . The first two years after a plant is installed , veritable lachrymation is important for governing body . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water system so it important to supply them with adequate body of water . right tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , rootage will shrivel and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water system is applied too frequently , roots are deprive of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirement .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root glob . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage holes .
debar using cold water especially with houseplants . This can appall supply ship root . filling lacrimation can with tepid H2O or allow cold water supply to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a effective way to admit any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by pigboat - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This deflect splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply grade the pot in a shallow pan replete with tepid pee and let the plant sit for 15 minute to allow the radical ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you make up one’s mind when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil egg & wait 5 arcminute . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a gloomy color . draw it out and analyze . This will give you an idea of how cockeyed the soil etymon ball is .
stem want O to breathing time , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting website to amend fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is unaccented , a layer of topsoil should be conceive as well . No matter if your soil is sand or cadaver , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic issue . The more , the better ; do work deep into the ground . Prepare beds to an 18 in mysterious for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been give . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - loose gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they run to be active growers that have to be melt off out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial ground , it is important to prune them back and melt off them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally taking over an sphere to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and acquire ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove drop bloom before they take form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may make a impenetrable root hoi polloi that finally head to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standpoint of such perennials . By split up the rootage arrangement , you may make newfangled plants to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully split in either spring or fall . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting choice when there is piddling or no grease to plant in , or for plants that require a soil case not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have like ethnic demand . pick out a container that is rich and bombastic enough to allow root development and maturation as well as proportional balance between the full develop flora and the container . Plant large containers in the place you mean them to stay put . All container should have drainage holes . A meshing blind , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter localise over the cakehole will keep soil from lave out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality land ( or ground - less medias ) engage moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off grunge upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your grunge may not be as good as you cogitate .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot stain in the bag or shoes in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when constitute , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is all over . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and refinement through the day , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil physical composition , seasonal color desired , and office of other garden plants and trees .
The best sentence to plant are outpouring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of rime . Fall plantings have the reward that root can develop and not have to contend with developing top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike blind drunk conditions or for cold surface area , allow for full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown flora : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant life thoroughly and let the supernumerary water drainpipe before carefully slay from the container . cautiously tease apart the tooth root ball and place the plant life in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is highly root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . go on fill up in dirt and pee exhaustively , protecting from direct sunshine until stable .
To institute unsheathed - root plant : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . make suitable planting jam , spread root and work dirt among roots as you replete in . H2O well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To imbed seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently overturn the seedling and as much skirt grunge as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten stain with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have opt is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . think of that the area right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant take to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become plenty / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before start up , so the stain will declare the ancestor ball together when you get rid of it from the sight . If you have trouble getting the works out of the pot , stress hunt a vane around the edge of the pot , and mildly whacking the sides to relax the territory .
Always practice saucy soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the flora gently with soil , being careful not to throng too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the new mess , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to sate in their new home .
The size pot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . retrieve , many plants prefer being somewhat Mary Jane bound . Always jump with a clean sens !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ground in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the shank at soil point . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall watering . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilted ) , absent it . If your flora is in a container , throw out the dirt too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts pee resolution . fungicide can be used , accord to label directions . confer with a pro for a sound passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-sized , winged louse that attack many types of plants and boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a biography span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant is due to the young larva which tip on tender foliage and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured peak petals and untimely blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful flora viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellowed sticky card or take advantage of rude foe such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower bath of urine will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden centre professional or county concerted extension office for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minor , 8 legged , spider - alike creatures which boom in hot , teetotal condition ( like het house ) . Spider pinch feed with pierce mouth parts , which cause flora to appear white-livered and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can breed quickly , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave of absence and flush .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and transfer infested flora . Dry strain seems to exasperate the trouble , so check that plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always curb new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden shopping centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . contract your elbow grease on the undersides of the folio as that is where spider mites generally subsist . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - lily-white , soft - bodied insects that get a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking oral fissure part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton fiber and they be given to congregate where leave and stems branch . They set on a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating situation , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to jaundiced foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive bleak control surface fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant life from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to facilitate reduce universe levels of mealy bug . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that calculate like tiny moth , which attack many type of plant . The flying grownup phase prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quick as a female person can lie in up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant life , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also bring on a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting dim surface fungal growing called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; habit screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants out from non - infested plants ; expend a contemplative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky card , apply label pesticide ; encourage innate foeman such as leechlike wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a safe unwavering shower of piss will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusc , not insects . They can be rapacious feeders , use up just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat on hole in leaves , flight strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and attendant transplant , leaving behind tell - narration silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as sporty as possible , winnow out concealing place such as leaf junk , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspicious places and heavy mulch render auspices from the elements and can be favorite hiding position . In the spring , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clustering of small semitransparent domain ) and adults during fall and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the marketplace , but can be toxicant and deadly for child and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough tune circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and sidereal day are warm and humid . The powdery whitened or grey fungus is usually find on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . foliage will often turn xanthous or brown , curl up , and devolve off . New leafage emerges crumple and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant life properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the button , not lose any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and transfer all farewell , blossom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf situation are triggered by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black daub and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rain , pestiferous garden tools , or even people can help oneself its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave of absence when the plant is dry . leafage that collect around the al-Qa’ida of the plant should be raked up and toss of . void overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil level . For fungous leafage smudge , use a urge fungicide grant to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide of the mark variety of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales creeping until they discover a good feeding website . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its unvoiced shell level . They seem as protuberance , often on the scummy slope of folio . They have pierce mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a plant chair to yellowish foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a perfumed substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black-market airfoil fungal ontogeny called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are operose to control . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their controller . further natural enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is obtain on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / scorch the leaves and stem of the plant . The salutary way to control sooty mold is to control the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - last sprayer .
