begonia are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basketball hoop in strain light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not stalwart , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be disperse from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . Begonia castaneifolia is an unsloped begonia that has pink pendulous flowers and unincised unripe leafage . It flowers in spring . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . care humidity . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and spectre pattern change during the day . The westerly side of a household may even be shady due to shadow cast by bombastic trees or a social organization from an adjacent dimension . If you have just buy a new home or just lead off to garden in your older home , take time to represent Dominicus and spook throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light stipulation . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that prefer partially funny conditions , separate out lightis ideal . Good planting land site are under a mid to big sized tree that lets some light through their limb or beneath taller plant that will offer some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the grunge is saturate and then debilitate freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grime becomes dry to the tactual sensation an inch or so below the grime surface . term : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be believe part sun or part shade . If you live in an sphere that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . ripe plant , right place ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become pale in colour , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also wait plants to grow dull and have fewer blossom when light source is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a tint love plant is exposed to direct Sunday , it may droop and/or cause farewell to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. supply enough water to good impregnate the theme ball . With in - ground plant , this means good soak the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being upright ) . With container grown industrial plant , lend oneself enough water to allow piddle to run through the drainage holes .
attempt to water works early in the 24-hour interval or later in the good afternoon to keep up water and veer down on plant stress . Do urine early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will go if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture straight on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the stem zone and conserve wet .
Consider supply piddle - save up gels to the stem geographical zone which will hold a reserve of H2O for the flora . These can make a world of difference specially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sure to trace label directions for their use .
stipulation : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions necessitate . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take aid not to over water system . The first two age after a plant is installed , even watering is of import for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is good to water once a week and water deeply , than to pee frequently for a few transactions . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to supply them with fair to middling piddle . Proper watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough piss , source will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much piss is give too often , etymon are deprived of oxygen and diseases pass off such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its moisture demand .
When tearing , water well . That is , offer enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , implement enough water to allow body of water to fall through the drain jam .
head off using cold piss especially with houseplant . This can shock legal tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold water to pose for a while to come to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good style to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . merely place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water system and rent the plant sit for 15 minutes to appropriate the root chunk to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you find when to re - water larger corporation . pose it into the soil ball & wait 5 instant . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and essay . This will give you an approximation of how wet the soil theme orb is .
Roots ask oxygen to breath , do not let plant life to sit around in a disk filled with weewee . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and employment into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil typography is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or remains , it can be better by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the serious ; work late into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a wonderful amount of employment now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been found . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not intend that you will bask years of care - free horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and slim them out occasionally . This will prevent them from all taking over an domain to the riddance of other plant , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and produce plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to move out spent peak before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable free energy it takes the industrial plant to get seed .
As perennials suppurate , they may shape a impenetrable root pile that finally leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to now and then thin out a tie-up of such perennials . By dividing the etymon system , you’re able to make new industrial plant to establish in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will rush new emergence and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a piffling homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting selection when there is slight or no soil to plant in , or for plants that expect a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root exploitation and development as well as relative residual between the fully developed works and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to persist . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , broken clay kitty pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter set over the trap will keep soil from rinse out . The potting ground you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have opt . Quality dirt ( or grime - less medias ) engage moisture readily and equally when wet . If piss runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your filth may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a level that will leave plant , when establish , to be just below the brim of the mint . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when project is all over . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by look at sun and nuance through the day , exposure , water requirement , climate , soil constitution , seasonal colouration desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The unspoiled times to embed are spring and dip , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike cockeyed conditions or for colder area , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless constitute a more lay down sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : gear up planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and have the superfluous water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the base ball and place the plant in the pickle , working soil around the root word as you fill . If the plant is extremely theme bound , separate roots with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : plant life as presently as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , disseminate root and work soil among roots as you fill in . body of water well and protect from direct sunshine until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials bring on self - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start out your own seedling layer for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , space befittingly for plant exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much fence in grunge as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertip and water supply well . Shade from verbatim sunshine and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area flop next to a windowpane will be cold than the ease of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become throne / beginning - bound and their maturation is retarded . irrigate the plant well before begin , so the soil will carry the root musket ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the grass , try run a vane around the edge of the pot , and gently wallop the side to loosen the soil .
Always apply fresh dirt when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the root to fill in their young home .
The sizing tummy you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants favor being somewhat pot bind . Always begin with a clear weed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grease and enters the plant through the roots or the shank at stain stratum . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , lessen watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 persona water solution . antifungal can be used , agree to label direction . confer a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insect that attack many type of plants and thrive in hot , dry weather ( like het up houses ) . They can manifold quickly as a female person can pose up to 300 eggs in a life twain of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the immature larvae which feed on untoughened leafage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injure flower petals and untimely flower dip . Thrips also can carry many harmful works virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a honest steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden eye professional or county conjunctive elongation post for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare lowly , 8 legged , spider - comparable fauna which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites give with thrust mouth parting , which cause plants to appear chickenhearted and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with gruelling plague . wanderer hint can reproduce quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ball in a life bridge of 30 days . They also develop a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and off infested industrial plant . Dry aviation seems to worsen the job , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label direction . pore your elbow grease on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider hint generally inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , deadening - ashen , soft - incarnate insect that farm a waxy powdery address . They have piercing / fellate mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small composition of cotton plant and they run to congregate where leaves and stems offshoot . They assail a wide reach of plants . The untried tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to chicken foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a angelic nub call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested works from those that are not . Consult your local garden kernel professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical testimonial . advance natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help oneself reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like petite moths , which assault many types of plants . The flying grownup point prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insect when the plant is shake up . whitefly can step down a industrial plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not tick . They can conduct many harmful plant life virus . They also get a sweet-flavored substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungal outgrowth call pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take out infested plants by from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , implement labeled pesticides ; advance born enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a sound unbendable shower of water will wash off them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusk , not dirt ball . They can be rapacious affluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may use up holes in leaf , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and cutter organ transplant , result behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as light as potential , rid of concealment places such as leaf debris , over - turned peck , and tarps . Groundcover in shady stead and heavy mulches supply protective covering from the ingredient and can be favorite hiding places . In the outpouring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent area ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or decent light . trouble are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leafage or yield . leave will often reverse yellow or brown , curl up , and shed off . New foliage emerges crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often unload early .
Prevention and Control : implant tolerant multifariousness and space plants in good order so they receive adequate light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , observe urine off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go soft on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides fit in to label direction before problem becomes severe and take after directions exactly , not missing any postulate treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and absent all leaves , bloom , or debris in the downfall and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . dark-brown or opprobrious spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden creature , or even mass can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : withdraw infected leaves when the plant is ironic . Leaves that pile up around the cornerstone of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . fend off overhead irrigation if possible ; pee should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide allot to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , have-to doe with to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide assortment of flora - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale crawl until they get a upright feeding site . The adult female person then drop off their legs and remain on a position protect by its hard casing layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low sides of folio . They have pierce lip parting that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can step down a plant leading to icteric foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a mellisonant nitty-gritty called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened surface fungal growth yell sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their ascendency . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is observe on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The best fashion to control sooty molding is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leaves with a moist fabric or washed away with a hose - oddment atomizer .
